Physis Project

Governing classes

Lower-class paradox

Lower Class Paradox (name used in the articles) · The Lower-Class Paradox (name used in the articles)

The only class that can use the affiliative side of Nomos without instrumentalizing it judges leaders by the agonistic criteria of Physis. The lower class is the carrier of Nomos but the evaluator of Physis.

— Physis: A Theory of Power — Concept Glossary

The definition is from the Concept Glossary of Physis: A Theory of Power; the book will be published on Zenodo in October 2026. The English wording is provisional until the official English glossary is published.

AuthorEvren Öztürk
Published19 September 2026
Research programPhysis
First appearancePhysis: A Theory of Power
Developed inPhysis: A Theory of Power — Chapter 3, §7.3

Related concepts

Legitimacy testThe governed (lower class)

Used in